Effect of pre-processing conditions on oil point pressure of sheanut (Vitellaria paradoxa) kernel

Authors

  • NDUBISI A. AVIARA UNIVERSITY OF MAIDUGURI, MAIDUGURI, NIGERIA
  • CHINEDU G. OJIOFOR University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri
  • OSENI K. OWOLARAFE Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife
  • BABATUNDE S. OGUNSINA Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife
  • FASIU A OLUWOLE University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri

Keywords:

Sheanut, seed oil expression, oil seed processing, oil point pressure, moisture content

Abstract

Oil point pressure of sheanut kernel was determined under different pre-processing conditions of moisture content, heating temperature, heating time and particle size. Results show that the pressure decreased as moisture content increased from 4% to 6%, and thereafter, increased with further increase in moisture content. It equally decreased with increase in temperature and heating time. Highest oil point pressure value was 2.6389MPa for coarse kernel particles at 4% moisture content heated at 50oC for 5 min, and 1.5554MPa for fine particles at 10% moisture content heated at 50°C for 5 min. Lowest value for coarse and fine kernel particles was 0.929MPa and 0.6380MPa respectively and this was obtained at the conditions of 6% moisture content, 100oC and 15 min heating time. ANOVA showed that all the pre-processing variables and their interactions significantly affected the oil point pressure of at 1% level of significance. This was confirmed using Response Surface Methodology. Multiple regression analysis yielded equations that expressed oil point pressure as a function of kernel moisture content, heating temperature and heating time. The models yielded coefficients that enabled oil point pressure of the kernel to be predicted with high coefficient of determination.

Author Biographies

NDUBISI A. AVIARA, UNIVERSITY OF MAIDUGURI, MAIDUGURI, NIGERIA

Dept of Agricultural and Environmental Resources Engineering

University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Associate Professor

CHINEDU G. OJIOFOR, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri

Dept of Agric. and Environmental Resources Engineering, Research student

OSENI K. OWOLARAFE, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife

Dept of Agric. and Environmental Engineering, Professor

BABATUNDE S. OGUNSINA, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife

Dept of Agric. and Environmental Engineering, Senior Lecturer

FASIU A OLUWOLE, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri

Dept of Mechanical Engineering, Senior Lecturer

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Published

2020-06-25

Issue

Section

VI-Postharvest Technology and Process Engineering