Fuzzy Water Irrigation System using Internet of Things

Abstract

Water is basic source of the farming with limited storage. Out of available land 64% is engaged by the farming and needs nearly 85 % of clean water of total water storage. Proper irrigation helps to improve quality of soil and the growth of crops. The farmer depending upon condition of soil and available water resource has to apply intelligence to get realistic decisions to reduce the wastage of water and ensure full utilization of the water. This gives challenging opportunity to pertain theory and idea of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the process of water irrigation. In this paper, an intelligent approach for the water irrigation of crop is proposed. Smart Fuzzy Water Irrigation System (FWIS) using Internet of Things (IoT) includes two types of nodes which are named as Master Node and Sensor Nodes. FWIS work in two modes, Manual Mode (MM) and Automatic Mode (AM). In MM, web server is created and supply of water is turned on or off using the IoT. Wireless communication is designed to send commands which control turn on or off of the water pump depending on the values of soil parameters remotely. In AM, sensors are placed to sense the soil parameters viz. temperature and moisture are used to decide the turn on time (T_{_ON}) of the water supply pumps with the help of Fuzzy Logic (FL). Database is created which consists of ideal values of the soil parameters for four types of crops viz. wheat, sugarcane, rice and cotton. The system is tested on site & 95.1 % accuracy is reported to control flow of water with respect to real time parameters of soil to avoid wastage of water. FWIS is capable to reduce the amount of water for the same yield when compared to the method followed by the traditional irrigation method.