Soil cone index in relation to soil texture, moisture content, and bulk density for no-tillage and conventional tillage

Authors

  • Arun Kumar University of Manitoba
  • Ying Chen University of Manitoba.ca
  • Mohammad Al-Amin Sadek University of Manitoba
  • Shafiqur Rahman North Dakota State University

Abstract

Soil cone index (CI) is a widely used soil mechanical property to assess soil strength in tillage research. In this study, literature data relating CI to tillage practices are compiled into two datasets, one for no-tillage and the other for conventional tillage. Each dataset is analyzed to examine how CI varies with soil depth, textural parameters, bulk density, and moisture content. The results showed that for both no-tillage and conventional tillage, values of CI decrease with the increase in clay fraction, and increase with the increase in sand and silt fractions of soil. Similarly, higher bulk density and greater soil depth result in higher CI value, while higher moisture content reduces CI.  Based on the literature data, regression equations were obtained to estimate CI under no-tillage and conventional tillage systems. In those regression equations, values of CI were linear functions of the other soil variables such as soil textural parameters and moisture content. Those regression equations were validated with field data collected from different sites in Manitoba, Canada. Over half of the results from the regression equations had good agreement with the field measurements, indicated by their relative errors of 20% or lower; however, greater discrepancies were noticed in some cases.

 

Keywords: Tillage, soil, cone index, bulk density, moisture content, soil texture, regression

Author Biographies

Arun Kumar, University of Manitoba

Professor

Department of Biosystems Engineering

University of Manitoba

Ying Chen, University of Manitoba.ca

Post-doctoral Fellow

Mohammad Al-Amin Sadek, University of Manitoba

Graduate Student

Shafiqur Rahman, North Dakota State University

Assistant Professor

Published

2012-04-21

Issue

Section

III-Equipment Engineering for Plant Production